从风化煤中提取黄腐酸.doc

摘要 本论文研究从黄腐酸含量低、棕黑腐植酸含量高的风化煤中提取黄腐酸。通 过实验，研究了硫酸法、碱溶酸析法、离子交换树脂法、硫酸丙酮法四种方法的 提取效果，并对硫酸丙酮法作了深入研究。 (1)研究了反应时间、液固比、酸煤比、超声波四个因素对硫酸法提取效果 的影响。在最佳条件下，提取率小于8%。 (2)改变反应结束时的pH值，研究碱溶酸析法的提取效果。在最佳条件下， 提取率小于10%。 (3)改变树脂与煤的重量比，研究离子交换树脂法的提取效果。在最佳条件 下，提取率小于7%。 (4)研究反应时间、液固比、酸煤比、提取液含水量四个因素对硫酸丙酮法 提取效果的影响。得出的最佳反应条件为:提取液为含水10%的丙酮，酸煤比0.05，液固比7.5，反应时间30min，黄腐酸提取率可达到41%。在此条件下制得的AF产品，总腐植酸含量78.8%;棕黑腐植酸含量35.4%;黄腐酸含量43.4%;灰分含量1.53%;水分含量6.8%;水不溶物含量60%。 (5)在硫酸丙酮法中深入研究了AF提取率和HA提取率的关系。当酸煤比、 液固比和反应时间发生变化的时候，FA和HA的提取率变化趋势基本相同。当提取液丙酮中含水量发生变化的时候，HA的提取率逐步下降，FA的提取率先下降后上升。 (6)通过红外光谱，对黄腐酸产品进行了表征。 关键词:黄腐酸;提取;硫酸丙酮法;硫酸法;离子交换树脂法;碱溶酸析法 分类号:TQ523.6 ABSTRACT Sulufric acid method，base-dissolving acidification method，ion exchange resin method，and acetone-sulufric acid method were sutdied in this paper ofr extraction of uflvic acid from weathered coal in which the content of humic acid is high，fulvic acid is low. The four effect factors of Sulufric acid method，including reaction time，solvent-to-solidratio，acid-to-coal ratio，and ulrtasonic，were investigated.Under the optimum condition，the rate of extraction was less than 8%. The base-dissolving acidification method was sutdied by changing the PH when the reaction finished.Under the optimum condition，the rate of extraction was less than 10% The ion exchange resin method was sutdied by changing the weight ratio of resin to coalwhenthereactionfinished.Under the optimum condition，the rate of exrtaction was less than 7%. The effect of four factors，reaction time，solvent-to-solidratio，acid-to-coal ratio and the water content in extraction mixutre，were sutdied on the extraction rate of acetone-sulufric acid method.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions as follows:the water content was 10%，acid-to-coal ratio was 0.05,solid-to-solvent ratio was 7.5,and reaction time was 30 minutes.Under these conditions， the extraction rate was 41%，the humic acid content 78.8%，the uflvic acid content43.4%，ash content 1.53%，moisutre content 6.8%，water-insoluble 60%. The acetone