临床研究中常用的统计方法和常见问题.pdfVIP

• 1288 • 中国循证心血管医学杂志2017年11月第9卷第11期 Chin J Evid Based Cardiovasc Med,November,2017,Vol.9,No.11 • • 循证理论与实践 临床研究中常用的统计方法和常见问题 黄桥 ，黄笛，靳英辉，曾宪涛1 1 1 1 【摘要 】科学正确的统计方法是临床研究得出正确可信结论的重要保证。本文简要介绍了临床研 究中常用的统计学方法，分析其常见的问题。统计方法有描述性统计方法、推断统计方法和辅助分析 方法，推断统计方法中介绍了一元定性资料的差异性检验、一元定量资料的差异性检验、相关分析和回 归分析、生存资料的分析和重复测量数据分析；辅助分析方法中介绍了样本量估计和检验效能分析、匹 配、敏感性分析、期中分析和自助法。常见问题有选择合适的数据集、标准差和标准误、组间可比性、 协变量的选择与调整、交互作用与亚组分析、多中心研究的问题和缺失值的处理。 【关键词 】临床研究；临床试验；统计分析 【中图分类号】R4 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1674-4055(2017)11-1288-06 * The common used statistic methods and common problems in clinical research Huang Qiao , Huang * Di, Jin Yinghui, Zeng Xiantao. Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Wuhan University; Department of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, The Second Clinical College, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. Corresponding author: Zeng Xiantao, E-mail: zengxiantao1128@163.com [Abstract] The scientific and appropriate statistical analysis is the important guarantee of correct and credible conclusion made from clinical studies. This article briefly introduce commonly used statistical methods and analyze common issues in clinical studies. Statistical methods include descriptive statistics, inference statistic and auxiliary statistics. Test of difference in one categorical variable or continuous variable, correlation and regression, analysis of survival data and repeated measured were presented as inference statistics. Sample size estimation and power analysis, matchin