上海交通大学数字信号处理 第二章.pdfVIP

Chapter 2 Discrete-time signals and systems 2.1 Discrete-time signals:sequences 2.2 Discrete-time system 2.3 Frequency-domain representation of discrete-time signal and system 2.1 Discrete-time signals:sequences 2.1.1 Definition 2.1.2 Classification of sequence 2.1.3 Basic sequences 2.1.4 Period of sequence 2.1.5 Symmetry of sequence 2.1.6 Energy of sequence 2.1.7 The basic operations of sequences 2.1.1 Definition Discrete-time signals are represented mathematically as sequences （序列）of numbers. A sequence of numbers x, in which the nth number in the sequence is denoted x[n], is formally written as { } x x [n ] − ∞ n +∞ where n is an integer. EXAMPLE 枚举法表 示序列 x [ n ] {1,2 ,1 .2 ,0 ,−1,−2 ,−2 .5 }, −1 ≤ n ≤ 5 x [n] 0.9n cos(0.2πn +π/ 2),0 ≤n 10 函数法表 示序列 图形表示序列 2 0.5 1 0 0 -1 -0.5 -2 -3 -1 -2 0 2 4 6 0 5 10 画图程序 n=-1:5; n=0:9; x=[1,2,1.2,0,-1,-2,-2.5]; y=0.9.^n.*cos(0.2*pi*n+pi/2); stem(n,x, .); stem(n,y,.); 产生序列的函数： Cos, sin, square, sawtooth, chirp, diric, gauspuls, pulstran, rectpuls, sinc, tripuls, rand, randn. In a practical setting, such sequences can often arise from periodic sampling of an analog signal. In this case, the numeric value of the nth number in the sequenc