家兔心血管活动的调节实验报告.docx

家兔心血管活动的调节实验报告 　　浙江中医药大学实验报告　　日期：XX-12地点：机能学实验室15109　　家兔动脉血压的神经与体液调节　　【摘要】1.目的：动脉血压是循环功能的重要指标之一，动脉血压过高或过低都会影响各器官的血液供应和心脏的负担。若动脉血压过低，将引起器官血液供应减少，尤其是脑和心脏等重要器官的供血不足，将导致严重后果。若血压过高，则心脏和血管的负担过重。长期高血压患者往往引起心脏代偿性肥大、心功能不全，甚至导致心力衰竭。血管长期受到高压，血管壁本身发生病理性改变，甚至可导致破裂而引起脑溢血等严重后果，所以保持动脉血压近于正常的相对稳定状态是十分重要的。本实验就是通过对家兔的颈动脉进行试验，掌握记录和测量家兔动脉血压的直接测量方法，观察神经和体液因素改变对家兔动脉血压调节的影响，并分析该些因素的作用机制。2.方法：实验仪器准备：连通液导系统并制压，压力换能器的调节；动物准备：兔的麻醉与固定，气管插管，左颈总动脉、右颈总静脉、右侧迷走神经、主动脉神经穿线备用，动脉插管3.结论：夹闭一侧颈总动脉，夹闭右颈总动脉，注射去甲肾上腺素可使家兔血压升高；电刺激减压神经和迷走神经可使家兔的血压下降。　　【关键词】动脉血压；去甲肾上腺素；电刺激；减压神经；迷走神经　　【Abstract】1.Purpose:arterybloodpressureisoneoftheimportantindexesofcircularfunction,arterialbloodpressure　　toohighorlowwillaffectthevariousorgansoftheheartandbloodsupplyoftheburden.Ifthearterybloodpressureistoolow,willcauseorganbloodsupplydecrease,especiallythebrainandheart,andotherimportantorganbloodshortage,causeseriousconsequence.Ifhighbloodpressure,theheartandvascularburdenoverweight.Patientswithhighbloodpressureoftencauselong-termdecompensatedhearthypertrophy,cardiacdysfunction,andleadtoheartfailure.Foralongtimebyhighpressurevessels,hemalwallitselfhappeningpathologicalchange,evencanleadtoburstandcauseedemaseriousconsequences,sokeeparteriesclosetonormalbloodpressureoftherelativestablestateisveryimportant.Theexperimentofrabbitisthroughthecarotidarteryexperiment,masterrecordsandmeasurementofarterialbloodpressureofdirectmeasurementmethod,observationandhumoralelementchangesonthenerveoftheinfluenceofarterialbloodpressureadjustment,andanalyzesthemechanismofactionofsomefactors.2.Methods:experimentalinstrumentpreparation:connectthesystempressureandliquidsystem,theadjustmentofthetransducerpressure(liquidcontainingsodiumcitrate,isinvitroanticoagulation);Animalpreparation:rabbitofanesthesiaandfixed(20%aminoacidethylester),trachealintubation,theleftcommoncarotidartery,right,rightcarotidveinvagusnerve,aorticneuralthreadingspare,intravenousintubation(afterasuccessfulintubationinjectionheparin,anticoagulant),arteryintubation(arteryevenb