乌桕矮化控冠试验-经济林研究.PDFVIP

第30 卷 第4 期 经 济 林 研 究 Vol. 30 No.4 2012 年12 月 Nonwood Forest Research Dec. 2012 乌桕矮化控冠试验 向珊珊，邓先珍，王晓光，张 风，宋 菲 （湖北省林业科学研究院，湖北 武汉 430075 ） 摘 要：为降低乌桕树高，从生长延缓剂施用、不同类型砧木嫁接、大树修剪3 个方面开展了乌桕矮化控冠栽 培试验。试验结果表明：每株乌桕施用有效成分1 g 的多效唑，矮化效果最好，对地径和冠幅影响不显著；选用 亲和力好的砧木和矮化品种接穗嫁接育苗，可有效降低树高；乌桕大树连续3 a 修剪可有效控制树高，即第1 年 在主干60 ～80 cm 处截干，第2 年留3 ～4 个萌发枝，夏季在1/2 处短截，第3 年在春梢1/2 处短截。 关键词：乌桕；矮化效应；多效唑；矮壮素；嫁接；修剪 中图分类号：S62 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1003—8981(2012)04—014 1—04 Dwarfing effect of several measures on Sapium sebiferum XIANG Shan-shan, DENG Xian-zhen, WANG Xiao-guang, ZHANG Feng, SONG Fei (Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan 430075, Hubei, China) Abstract: In order to reduce height of Sapium sebiferum, dwarfing cultivation experiments were carried out through applying growth retardant, grafting with different stocks and pruning big tree. The results show that it has the best dwarf effect to use 1 g paclobutrazol per plant, and has no significant influence on ground diameter and crown area. It can effectively reduce height of tree, to graft by using the stock with better affinity and the scion from dwarf cultivars. Pruning for 3 years can control height of S. sebiferum trees, that is cutting at 60 cm to 80 cm of trunk at the first year, and cutting at the half of reserved 3 or 4 germination branches in the second year, and then cutting at the half of spring twig in the third year. Key words: Sapium sebiferum; dwarfing effect; paclobutrazol; cycocel; grafting; pruning 在世界化石能源资源日益枯竭的全球环境背 北省野生和栽培乌桕树高范围为3.5 ～16.0 m ，其 景下，乌桕Sapium sebiferum Roxb. 作为一种适应 中5 ～10 m 的占55%，高