安徽三联学院外语学院美国文学课件Chapter 6 Nathaniel Hawthorne and Mellvill.ppt

Nathaniel Hawthorn and Herman Melville Contents Nathaniel Hawthorn and The Scarlet Letter Herman Melville and Moby Dick PartⅠ Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) Contribution Life Works Preview Questions 1. Why did he insert a “w” into his name: Hathorne to Hawthorne ? 2. In what way is he similar to Melville and Poe respectively as far as the style is concerned? To escape the curse put on his family by one of the convicted witches’ husband Symbolism and grotesque quality Salem, Birthplace of Nathaniel Hawthorne Boston, Setting of The Scarlet Letter Born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts to a family that had been prominent in New England since colonial times. He was a descendant of a long line of Puritan ancestors including John Hathorne, a presiding magistrate in the Salem witch trials. Life Attended Bowdoin College from 1821 to 1825; Friends: - future poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow - Franklin Pierce who became the 14th President of The United States. Hired in 1839 as a weigher and gauger at the Boston Custom House. Growing up with a strong sense of guilt: The declination of his family, he thought, was because of his ancestors misdeeds . Then blackness of Hawthorne was formed. Joined the transcendentalist utopian community at Brook Farm in 1841. Contribution Push American Romantic fiction to its summit. 2) Ample use of symbols in fiction 3) With Poe, he creates psycho-analytic Romantic fiction in Am. Lit. Poe—irrational or abnormal people; Hawthorne—the hidden evils in human heart. 4) Together with Allen Poe, he creates modern short story theory. Works Twice-Told Tales 1837 Mosses from an Old Manse 1843 The Snow-Image, and Other Twice-Told Tales 1852 Collections of short stories 《故事重述》 《古宅青苔》 《雪人和其他重讲一遍的故事》 The Scarlet Letter《红字》 (1850) The House of the Seven Gables 《七个尖角阁的房子》 (1851) The Blithedale Romance 《福谷传奇》 (1852) The Marble Fau