丁往道英语写作手册精编版课件.ppt

compound-complex sentence 并列复合句 A Day to Remember 3. loose, periodic, and balanced sentences 松散句、圆周句（掉尾句）或对偶句 P 37 Ⅱ. Type of Sentences 句子类型 (rhetorical 修辞的 point of view) 松散句 A loose sentence puts the main idea first, and lets the reader know what it is mainly about when he has read the first few words. 圆周句 In a periodic sentence, the main idea is expressed at or near the end of it. 对偶句 When a sentence contains two parallel clauses similar in structure but contrasted in meaning, it is a balanced sentence. Loose sentences are easier, simpler, more natural and direct. Periodic sentences are more complex, formal and literary. Balanced sentences are impressive. They are mainly used in formal writing, like expository 说明的 and argumentative 议论的 prose and speeches. My National Day P41 Ⅲ. Effective Sentences 有效句 1. Unity 统一性 2. Coherence 连贯性 3. Conciseness 简洁性 4. Emphasis 强调性 5. Variety 多样性 P41 1. Unity 统一性 A unified sentence expresses a single complete thought. It does not contain ideas that are not closely related, nor does it express a thought that is not complete by itself. Ⅲ. Effective Sentences有效句 1. Unity 统一性 2. Coherence 连贯性 3. Conciseness 简洁性 4. Emphasis 强调性 5. Variety 多样性 2. Coherence 连贯性 Coherence means clear and reasonable connection between parts. P42 2. Coherence 连贯性 1) faulty parallel constructions 平行结构使用有误 2) pronouns with ambiguous reference 代词指代不明 3) dangling(mispalced) modifiers 垂悬修饰语（使用不当的修饰语） 4) confusing shifts in person and number or in voice,tense and mood.人称、数、语气和语态上的变动混乱 Ⅲ. Effective Sentences有效句 1. Unity 统一性 2. Coherence 连贯性 3. Conciseness 简洁性 4. Emphasis 强调性 5. Variety 多样性 P 46 3. Conciseness 简洁性 A sentence should contain no unnecessary words. If the idea is fully expressed, the fewer words are used, the better. Wordiness only obscures the idea. Ⅲ. Effective Sentences有效句 1. Unity 统一性 2. Coherence 连贯性 3. Conciseness 简洁性 4. Emphasis 强调