《电气工程与自动化专业英语（第2版）》王伟、张殿海、裴素萍（电子课件）Chapter01电子课件2018.pptVIP

电气工程及其自动化专业英语 电子课件 5． electron n. 电子 6． proton n. 质子 7． gravitational adj. 引力的 8． precipitator n. 电滤器 9． power plant 发电厂 10. current n. 电流 11．conductor n. 导体 12．insulator n. 绝缘体 13．semiconductor n. 半导体 14．valence shell 价电子层 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals [2]The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract. 静电荷彼此之间的影响是很重要的。它们或者排斥（远离），或者吸引（聚集）。这就是通常人们所说的同性排斥，异性相吸。 [3]It is also possible to charge other materials because some materials are charged when they are brought close to another charged object. If a charged rubber rod is touched against another material, the second material may become charged. 当一些材料与另一带电体接近时就会带上电荷，所以它也可能使其它材料带上电荷。如果带电的橡胶棒与另一种材料接触，就可能使这种材料带上电荷。 绝缘体材料的电子难于释放。在一些绝缘体里，它们的价电子层填充有八个电子。其它绝缘体的价电子层也填充有一半以上的电子。绝缘体材料的原子据说是稳定 [7]Semiconductor materials are neither conductors nor insulators. Their classification also depends on the number of electrons that their atoms have in their valence shells. Semiconductors have 4 electrons in their valence shells. Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals 静电是由静止的电荷产生的。然而，电流是由电荷从一点到另一点的运动产生的。当电子从它们的的原子移除时，就会产生电流。 [9]The movement of valence shell electrons of conductors produces electrical current. The outer electrons of the atoms of a conductor are called free electrons. Energy released by these electrons as they move allows work to be done. Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals 导体价电子层电子的运动产生电流。导体原子的外部电子叫做自由电子。当这些电子运动时释放出能量，从而做功。 [10] A circuit is a path or conductor for electric current flow. Electric current flows only when it has