面向农业应用的无线传感器网络通信系统设计及实现-信号与信息处理专业毕业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘要 摘要 无线传感器网络是一种有着广阔的应用前景的全新信息获取平台，它可以通 过对网络分布区域内的各种检测对象信息的采集以及实时监测将其发送到网关节 点，以实现复杂的指定范围内的目标检测与跟踪 。其中精准农业目前的发展趋 势是通过传感器、遥感、智能控制等多项技术逐渐地从传统生产模式转向为以信 息和软件为中心的生产模式。 本文瞄准了发展精准农业，通过对无线传感器网络的研究，并在此基础上设 计了面向农业应用的无线传感器网络通信系统，该系统主要包括两大功能模块： 无线传感器网络数据采集模块以及无线传输模块。数据采集模块实现了高精度数 据采集，并将采集到的模拟信号转换为芯片所能处理的数字信号。此外，在本模 块中还设计了长距离节点与短距离节点的同步采集方案。无线传输模块实现了基 于 ZigBee 协议的短距离传输以及基于 GPRS/GSM 网络的长距离传输的融合。针对 具体的农业应用，设计了大区域范围内系统通信的具体方案并最终通过无线传输 模块将数据传送至监控中心。其中，基于 ARM 的 GPRS 模块是通信过程中的重要 组成部分，它使数据监测不受地域限制，能够实时有效地传输数据。 系统实现了地面农田环境参数的自动连续监测。若划分的 40 个小区域均实验 成功，将充分体现无线传感器网络的巨大应用效能，并带来良好的产业化前景。 关键词：无线传感器网络，精准农业，信息获取，短距离传输，长距离传输 I ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Wireless sensor network is a new platform for information acquisition, which has broad application prospects. It can monitor and collect the information of the test objects in the specific area in real time, and transfer the information to the gateway node in order to achieve the complicated target detection and tracking in the specific area. The current trend of precision agriculture is shifting from the traditional mode into a new information-centric and software-centric mode which will be realized by sensors, remote sensing, intelligent control and many other technologies. This paper aimed at the development of precision agriculture, and a wireless sensor network communication system is designed on the basis of the study about wireless sensor networks. The system includes two modules: wireless sensor network data acquisition module and the wireless transmission module. The data acquisition module realize the high-precision data acquisition, and change the collected analog signal into digital signal that can be handled by chip. Besides, the long distance node and short distance node synchronization acquisition scheme is designed in this module. The wireless transmission module realize the combination between the short distance transmission based on ZigBee protocol and the long distance transmission based on the GPRS/GSM network. For specific ag