-针对VTS当局关于疲劳意识和人员可靠性指南.docVIP

Guide for VTS Authorities on Fatigue Awareness and Human Reliability Overview Fatigue is one of the most significant causes of accidents both at sea and ashore and can have a serious impact on the safety of navigation. The work of VTS personnel involves unsociable duty hours, shift work, intensive concentration, time spent travelling to and from work as well as handling critical and/or emergency situations. The objective of this Guide is to promote a safety culture by assisting VTS Authorities in recognizing and mitigating the effects of fatigue in VTS Centres. It provides an overview of the factors What is Fatigue There is no universally accepted technical definition for fatigue. However, common to all the definitions is degradation of human performance and diminished alertness or human reliability. Alertness is the optimum state of the brain that enables us to make conscious decisions. Fatigue has a proven detrimental effect on alertness – this can be readily seen when a person is required to maintain a period of concentrated and sustained attention, such as looking out for the unexpected. IMO defines fatigue as a reduction in physical and/or mental capability as the result of physical, mental or emotional exertion which may impair nearly all physical abilities including: strength, speed, reaction time, coordination, decision making or balance and to which all individuals are susceptible, regardless of skill, knowledge or training. Fatigue on the part of VTS personnel can present a disastrous risk to the safety of human life or damage to the environment and property. Because the role of VTS is technical and highly specialised, these negative effects could be exponentially increased where VTS personnel must be constantly alert and able to concentrate fully on the job at hand. Fatigue can result in a loss of situational awareness. Biological Clock and Circadian Rhythm Each individual has a biological clock, and this clock regulates the body’s circadian rhythm