货币理论与货币政策.pptVIP

33 34 35 36 44 45 46 7 4 8 5 10 7 11 7 12 8 13 8 40 7 8 9 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 27 28 29 30 31 32 Open-Market Operations The Fed conducts open-market operations when it buys government bonds from or sells government bonds （国债）to the public. ? When the Fed buys government bonds, the money supply increases. ? The money supply decreases when the Fed sells government bonds. Changing the Reserve Requirements Reserve requirements are regulations on the minimum amount of reserves that banks must hold against deposits. ? Increasing the require