第14章节 专题跟二：体育旅游开发资料.pptVIP

Sport Tourism 体育旅游 Content 内容 Definitions 定义 History 发展过程 Types 类型 Issues/Trends问题、发展趋势 Sport Tourism 体育旅游 “Travel for non-commercial reasons to participate or observe sporting activities away from the home range” (Hall, 1992) “All forms of active and passive involvement in sporting activity, participated in casually or in an organized way for non-commercial or business/commercial reasons, that necessitate travel away from home and work locality” (Standeven Deknop, 1999) “Holidays involving sporting activity either as a spectator or a participant” (WeedBull,1997) 体育旅游是以参与或观赏体育活动为目的,或以体育为内容而产生的一种短暂性的生活方式,是旅游者在旅游和暂时性停留中所引起的一切与体育有关的现象和关系的总和。 Sport tourist 体育旅游者 “A temporary visitor staying at least 24 hours in the event area and whose primary purpose is to participate in a sports event with the area being a secondary attractions” (Nowaga et al,1996) “Individuals and/or groups of people who actively or passively participate in competitive or recreational sport, while travelling to and/or staying in places outside their usual environment”(Gammon Robinson, 1997) Definitions 定义 Sport Tourism Sport Tourist History of Sport + Tourism发展过程 Ancient (776 B.C.—480 A.D.) Greece Olympic Games(776 B.C) Rome (200 B.C —480 A.D.) Gladiators 角斗士 Middle Ages and Renaissance (500—1400 A.D) Jousting马上枪术比赛 History of Sport + Tourism 16th –19th Centuries The European Grand Tour Initially involved cultural tourism, but spread to outdoor scenery (skiing in the Swiss Alps) and spectator and participant events (fencing, horse racing, hunting) 19th –20th Centuries Development of team sport provided spectator opportunities for the masses Development of mass transportation provided access History of Modern Sport Developed in late 19th and early 20th Centuries Baseball, American Football, Soccer, Basketball (Team); Skiing, Mountaineering (Individual) Explosion during 1970s and 1980s Cable TV, Live Broadcasting, Emergence of Sports Media Icons (Michael Jordan) Extreme Sports/ Adventure sports