润滑油基础油.PPT

* * * * * * * The black tower is part of the Lake Charles refinery and not Excel Paralubes. 1) Feedstocks are distilled in a 200-foot vacuum tower, and are separated into distillates and vacuum gas oil 2) Waxy vacuum gas oil molecules are gathered and transferred to the hydrocracking unit to start their molecular conversion. 3) Under pressures of 3,000 psi and temperatures of about 1,000 degrees, the oil molecules become intensely reactive in the presence of a catalyst. 4) Hydrogen is then added and the N, Su, O, and metal impurities are removed and the H also hydrogenates the unsaturated aromatics. The second stage of this process more H is added cracks the naphthenic molecules into the paraffinic molecules desired for a lubricant base stock. 5) The altered stock is noticeably lighter in color. 6) I mentioned that paraffin molecules have a low pour point. The next step in the process, restructures the wax so that it resist gelling, and improve pumpability. This process converts the Paraffins to iso-Paraffins. 7) Finally, in the hydro-finisher, hydrogen is used again in the last stage to remove aromatics and the last traces of impurities. Hydrocracking produces a pure base oil that is clear and highly responsive to additives. * The base oils from the refinery need further refining to remove the aromatic hydrocarbons and impurities. There are two methods to refine base oil. Solvent refined and hydrocracking. Hydrocracking is a superior technology. Explain that Conoco is not the only company to offer hydrocracked base oil. In the solvent refined process, solvents are used to remove the aromatics and impurities. But the process is not complete effective at removing the aromatics and impurities. ------------------------------------------------------- In the solvent refining process, the feedstock enters the middle of the column, and a solvent, furfural, enters the top of the tower. A density difference between the two causes a counterflow in the column