城市污水处理厂挥发性有机恶臭污染物的来源及感官定量评价--学位论文.docVIP

城市污水处理厂挥发性有机恶臭污染物的来源及感官定量评价--学位论文 暨南大学硕士学位论文 城市污水处理厂挥发性有机恶臭污染物的来源及感官定量评价 摘 要 本论文通过联合使用预浓缩-气相色谱-质谱仪(GC/MS)与电子鼻气味指纹仪两种分 析技术,选取广州市典型的城市污水处理厂进行外场观测和模拟试验,研究了城市污水处 理厂挥发性恶臭有机物(MVOC)的化学组成、含量和感官指纹等污染特征,探讨了恶臭 污染的感官定量评价方法,获得如下研究结论: 1.城市污水处理厂检出烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、卤代烃、含硫有机物和含氧有机物等 6 类共 80种 VOC化合物,包括 54种 MVOC成分,其含量与处理工艺段密切相关,污泥脱 3 水机房的 MVOC 含量昀为显著,各采样点污染物浓度变化范围为: 132.36~905.96 μg/m 。 苯乙烯、苯、甲苯、邻二甲苯、间/对二甲苯和乙苯等苯系物、二硫化碳、甲硫醚、羰基硫 为该类污染源排放的分子标志物。 2.通过分析 MVOC 组分浓度与感官气味指纹之间关系,优选出电子鼻指纹仪的 T70/2 型传感器为该污水厂 MVOC昀为敏感的传感器类型。 3. 对各污水处理单元有机恶臭污染的感官指纹特征进行分析,初步建立了 MVOC 关 2 键化学组分的含量与感官气味之间的关系评价模型,所建模型的 R 均85%,彼此间显示 出很好的相关性。 4.采用 PCA和 DFA 结合的分析方法研究了各污染源样品之间的差异性和周边环境的 恶臭气味来源,发现除污泥浓缩池外,其他各源恶臭气味的感官指纹较为相似。污水厂周 边环境点恶臭气味主要来源于生化池工艺,定性识别率为 86.4%~100%。 5.通过 MVOC关键化学组分的含量与感官气味之间的定量关系模型,预测了周边环 境的 MVOC 化学组分浓度,发现模型预测浓度与实际测量结果的误差范围为 28.1%~50.7%。 关键词:恶臭污染,挥发性恶臭有机物,感官评价,电子鼻,城市污水处理厂I暨南大学硕士学位论文 城市污水处理厂挥发性有机恶臭污染物的来源及感官定量评价 Abstract The chemical components analysis method of pre-concentration/thermal desorption/gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer(GC/MS)and the odor fingerprint analysis method of an electronic nose were established to measure the air samples of Malodorous Volatile Organic CompoundsMVOCs emitted from a typical municipal sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou. By field observation and laboratory simulation experiments,the chemical compositions and concentrations of the MVOCs samples were investigated,as well as the pollution characteristics of their sensorial odor fingerprints. In addition,the method of sensory quantitative assessment was explored. The results are showed as following: 1. 80 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were detected in the studied plant,including alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbons, volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs)and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons. 54 MVOC species were identified with their composition and concentration closely related with the processing type. Among the six processing units,dehydration room show