马克思正义观及其当代价值浅论-马克思主义哲学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 致谢 .................................................... 35 中文摘要 作为人类社会的道德理想和价值追求，正义不仅是人类关注的焦点，也是马 克思思想的重要理论内容。马克思正义观思想产生于十九世纪早期资本主义时 期，他以历史唯物主义为基础，通过对资本主义不正义现象的批判，提出了关于 未来社会的构想，蕴含了深刻的公平正义思想。其思想产生的理论渊源一方面来 源于古希腊柏拉图、亚里士多德等自然法学派正义思想，又一方面来源于近代康 德、黑格尔等哲理法学派正义思想，再一方面来源于莫尔等空想社会主义理论者 的劳动分配正义思想。 马克思正义观的发展经历了基于抽象理性思辩的初步探索阶段、基于具体考 察市民社会的全面深入阶段、基于历史看待社会实践的理论成熟阶段三个阶段。 成熟的马克思正义观包括经济正义、政治正义和社会正义三方面的内容，其中经 济正义体现在生产、分配、交换和消费四个环节，政治正义指主张自由、重视平 等和提倡民主，社会正义表现在要求社会制度正义和追求社会利益正义两个维 度。马克思正义观具有历史发展性、社会阶级性和社会实践性三个基本特征，具 有这些典型特征的马克思正义观不仅能为构建社会主义和谐社会提供现实指导 意义，而且能为我们构建中国特色的社会主义正义观提供理论指导。 关键词：马克思；正义；平等；自由 I ABSTRACT As human society moral ideal and pursuit of value, justice is not only the focus of human attention, an important theory and Marx thought. Marxs concept of justice in nineteenth Century the period of early capitalism thought, he is on the basis of historical materialism, through the critique of capitalism is not justice phenomenon, put forward the conception of future society, contains profound thoughts of justice. The thought of the theory on the one hand from the thoughts of ancient Greece, Platon, Aristotle and the school of natural law and justice, and on the one hand from Kant, Hagel, philosophy of law school justice thought again, derived from Mohr, utopian socialist theory of labor distribution justice thought. Marx development view of justice experience based on the preliminary exploration stage, the abstract and rational stage, based on in-depth analyses of civil society based on historical view of social practice theory was mature three stages. Mature Marx justice including economic justice, political justice and social justice three aspects, including economic justice embodies in the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of the four aspects, political justice refers to the freedom, equality and democracy, social justice in to two dimensions of social justice and the pursuit of the interests of justice. Marx justice has the historical development,