【虚拟语气】透彻及训练 - 副本.doc

PAGE PAGE 1 虚拟语气讲解及训练 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 一、用于条件句 I.与现在事实相反 If I were you, I would stay here. If everyone in the country bought one soft-drink each day and threw it away, there would soon be a huge mountain of rubbish. [2012湖南]Sorry, I am too busy now. If I______ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我有时间，我一定跟你去郊游。这是对现在情况的假设，所以if从句的谓语动词用过去式。 II.与过去事实相反 If you had joined the chat room 10 minutes ago, you would have known what we are talking about. If the hurricane had happened during the day time, there would have been many more deaths. [2012陕西]If my car______ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be 都有过去的时间状语last summer了，说明是过去的事情，或者根据逻辑判断，并且还有一个暗示would have driven，都说明肯定是与过去事实相反，所以选B。 如果我的车性能更可靠些的话，去年夏天就开车去拉萨而不是坐飞机去了。 III.与将来事实相反 If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. =If it snowed tomorrow , they would not go out. =If it should snow tomorrow, they would not go out. [2012安徽]Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she______ there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. A. lives B. would live C. has lived D. were to live 后面的话是她的想象，本来这事就没发生，这是根据逻辑判断，并且有暗示wouldn’t be able to see，说明这是与将来事实相反。所以从句的谓语动词用过去式或should do或were to do，只能选D了。 IV.高考英语真题 [2010天津]——John went to the hospital alone. ——If he______ me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 由主句谓语would have gone可知，这是与过去事实相反，条件句用过去完成时。 [2010湖南]If he ___________ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would followed 要是听了我的建议，他就不会失去工作了，与过去事实相反。 [2009天津]This printer is of good quality. If it ___________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 还没坏，这里假设第一年坏了，则与将来事实相反，条件句中谓语动词用过去时、were