论第三人利益合同对第三人的效力-法律专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 合同相对性是古典契约法上的重要原则，但随着经济关系的日 益复杂和合同的社会化，恪守合同相对性原则已不能适应复杂社会 经济生活的多重需要。对第三人利益合同的承认不仅源于对当事人 意思的尊重和对私法自治精神的弘扬，也是社会发展的客观需要。 它有助于对第三入信赖利益的保护，也能更有效的减少诉讼成本和 实现社会公正。 第三人利益合同首先实现了对合同相对性的合理突破。它是～ 种合同当事人为了使合同外第三人受益而赋予第三人直接取得对债 务人的给付请求权的合同。其核心在于对第三人的效力问题。本文 在对第三人利益合同的第三人效力进行界定和对各国关于第三人利 益合同的第三人效力学说予以评介的基础上，提出了第三人利益合 同对第三人效力的理论，分析了第三人利益合同对第三人效力的构 成要件，并重点论述了对第三人效力的具体内容即第三人的权利与 义务。 为完善我国有关的民事立法，笔者认为我国应在即将制定的民 法典中确立第三人利益合同的一般规则，赋予第三人对债务人独立 的请求权，确立第三人独立的债权人地位。 关键词：合同相对性；第三人利益合同； 法律效力 AbstractThe Abstract The relativity of contract is all important doctrine in classic contract law,however with the gradual complexity of economic relationship and socialization of contract，to firmly observe doctrine of relativity of contract cannot adapt to the multi requirements of complicated social economic life．The acceptance of contract for the third party’s benefit not only originates from the esteem of party’S will and enhancement of the spirit of autonomy of private law,but also it is objectively required by social development．It is beneficial to protect for the third party’S reliance interests，and it Can effectively decrease procedural cost and realize social justice as well． Contract for the third party’s benefit firstly realizes the reasonable breakthrough to relativity of contract．It is a kind of contract that contracting parties entitle the也矾party the claim to directly obtain payment to debtor in order to make third party outside contract benefited Its core lies in the question of the validity to the third party．This dissertation bases on determination of the validity of third party in contract for the third party’S benefit and evaluation on the theories about validity of third party in contract for the mird party’S benefit in some countries，puts forward the theory of the validity of contract for the third party’S benefit to the third party,analyzes the constitutive requirements of validity of contract for the third party’S benefit to the third party,and emphatically expounds the speci