FAA 目视飞行规则航图介绍 .pdfVIP

1 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS EXPLANATION OF VFR TERMS AND SYMBOLS The discussions and examples in this section are based on the Sectional Aeronautical Chart (Sectional). Sec- tionals include the most current data and are at a scale (1:500,000) most beneficial to pilots flying under Visual Flight Rules. A pilot should have little difficulty in reading these charts which are, in many respects, similar to automobile road maps. Each chart is named for a major city within its area of coverage. The chart legend lists various aeronautical symbols as well as information concerning terrain and contour elevations. You may identify aeronautical, topographical, and obstruction symbols (such as radio and television tow- ers) by referring to the legend. Many landmarks which can be easily recognized from the air, such as stadiums, pumping stations, refineries, etc., are identified by brief descriptions adjacent to small black squares marking their exact locations . Oil wells are shown by small open circles . Water, oil and gas tanks are shown by small black circles and labeled accordingly, if known. The scale of an item may be increased to make it easier to read on the chart. NACO charts are prepared in accordance with specifications of the Interagency Air Cartographic Committee (IACC) and are approved by representatives of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Department of Defense (DoD). TERRAIN AND OBSTRUCTIONS The elevation and configuration of the Earths 3. Color tints, also referred to as 19633 surface are certainly of prime importance to pilots. Car- hypsotints, are used to depict bands of ele- tographers devote a great deal of attention to showing vation reletive to sea level. These colors relief and