钢桥与组合结构桥梁设计原理.pptxVIP

钢桥与组合结构桥梁;钢桥结构设计原理;钢桥结构设计原理 1 钢桥的安全度与设计方法 桥梁结构安全度的概念：安全系数、分项系数与可靠度、冗余度 设计方法：容许应力设计方法、极限状态设计方法与LRFD设计方法 荷载与荷载组合 2 钢桥设计准则与一般流程 极限状态 破坏模式与失效准则 钢桥设计流程; ;1 钢桥的安全度与设计方法 安全系数 可靠度与分项系数 冗余度 钢桥设计方法;L 作用 长期作用：1)自重；2）车辆（车桥耦合、疲劳）、风、水；3）环境（温度、湿度、腐蚀介质…，与材料的相互作用、收缩徐变、松弛、氢化、抗力劣化）…； 短期作用：施工阶段的各种作用、临时结构 偶然作用：车船等撞击、地震、爆炸、火灾…;;容许应力设计法（Allowable Stress Design）:;荷载、抗力分项系数设计法中，承载能力极限状态可以概括地表达为：;冗余度 断裂控制部件、荷载传力路径、结构体系、结构构件组成 Load Path Redundancy have three or more main load-carrying members or load paths between supports. If one member were to fail, load would be redistributed to the other members and bridge failure would not be expected. Bridge designs that are non-redundant have two or fewer main load carrying members or load paths. Structural Redundancy continuity of load path from span to span are referred to as structurally redundant. Some continuous span two-girder bridge designs are structurally redundant. In the event of a member failure, loading from that span can be redistributed to the adjacent spans and total bridge failure may not occur. Internal Redundancy when a bridge member contains several elements which are mechanically fastened together so that multiple load paths are formed. Failure of one member element would not cause total failure of the member.;Load Path Redundant Multi-Girder Bridge;Structurally Redundant Continuous Span Bridge;Internally Redundant Riveted I-Beam;Internally Redundant Riveted Box Shapes;安全系数取值需要考虑因素： （0）重要性：桥梁等级（工作条件系数） （1）材料离散性（匀质系数） （2）荷载变异性（超载系数） （3）截面几何尺寸离散性：制作安装误差 （4）计算理论：受力状态与实际状态不一致 （5）组合系数：永久结构、施工工况；偶然作用、长期作用 （6）破坏形式：屈服、断裂、疲劳、稳定、倾覆 （7）其他;Strength I—Basic load combination relating to the normal vehicular use of the bridge without wind. Strength II—Load combination relating to the use of the bridge by Owner-specified special design vehicles, evaluation permit vehicles, or both without wind. Strength III—Load combination relating to the bridge exposed to wind velocity exceeding 55 mph. Strength IV—Load combination rela