英汉语言文化对比Chapter_8____Parataxis_and_hypotaxis.ppt

Chapter 8 Parataxis and Hypotaxis 8.1 Introduction Chinese English 人治 法治 柔性 刚性 隐性 显性 语义型 语法型 竹型 树型 意合 形合 散点视 焦点视 主题突出 主语突出 名词优势 动词优势 动词优势 名词优势 Chapter 8 Parataxis and Hypotaxis The heavy rain fell; the river flooded; the house washed away. I shall despair if you don’t come. 8.2 Defining parataxis and hypotaxis Parataxis (意合) ： The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relationship between them. (The world Book Dictionary ) Hypotaxis (形合)： The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives. (American Heritage Dictionary ) Chapter 8 Parataxis and Hypotaxis Parataxis refers to the situation where the connection between words or clauses is realized by meaning or the logical relation; while hypotaxis refers to the situation where the connection is realized by means of linguistic form. 校长召开大会动员全体教师教育学生遵守一切规章制度。 The school master held a meeting, demanding that all the teachers should guide their students to follow the school’s disciplines. 知彼知己，百战不殆；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼不知己，每战必殆。 Chapter 8 Parataxis and Hypotaxis 若）知彼（而又）知己，（则）百战不殆；（若）不知彼而知己，（则将）一胜（及）一负；（若）不知彼（而又）不知己，（则）每战（将）必殆。 You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself. You will win one battle and lose one battle if you know yourself but leave yourself in the dark about the enemy. You will lose every battle if you leave both the enemy and yourself in the dark. 汗流浃背 玩物丧志 温故而知新，可以为师亦 Don’t come in until I call you 不叫你就别进来 Chapter 8 Parataxis and Hypotaxis Chapter 8 Parataxis and Hypotaxis 8.3 Hypotaxis in English