手术室护士的职业危害因素及防护对策.docVIP

PAGE 6 PAGE 1 郑州大学自考本科毕业论文 　　　 专　　业　　护理学　 　　　 　　　　 姓　　名　　　 　　　 　　　　 准考证号　 　 　　　　 论文题目手术室护士职业性危害及 防护性对策研究 　　　　 　　　 2014 年　9　月　06日 综合评语： 成绩： 评审教师签名： 年 月 日 学校自考办意见： 年 月 日 手术室护士职业危害因素及防护性对策研究 摘要································································2 关键词······························································2 危害因素······················································2 压力源因素····················································2 生物性危害因素················································2 化学性危害因素················································2 物理环境性危害因素············································3 生理性危害因素················································3 心里社会性危害因素············································4 防护对策······················································4 压力源因素的防护对策··········································4 生物性危害因素的防护对策······································4 化学性危害因素的防护措施······································5 物理环境危害因素的防护措施····································5 生理性危害因素的防护措施······································5 心理社会危害因素的防护措施····································6 结束语························································6 参考文献····························································7 【摘要】手术室是为患者进行各种手术治疗和抢救的重要场所，各种尖端复杂手术都离不开手术室护士的密切配合，这就要求手术室护士不仅要有高质量的护理服务，还要有健康的体质。但是，手术室是一个相对“密闭”的空间，手术室护士由于工作环境的特殊性长期工作在“密闭”环境里，因职业压力源因素所致的紧张、繁重、疲劳和生物节律的改变，同时受到环境内物理、化学、生物等因素的侵袭，直接或间接接触到各种对人体有害健康的因素。因此加强手术室护士自身防护，保证手术室护士身心健康具有积极的社会意义。手术室工作环境、服务对象及治疗方法的特殊性，使得手术室护理人员在护理操作过程中如不注意个人防护,很容易发生职业损伤。不仅严重损害护理人员个人的身心健康，还可能给患者造成疾病的传播。相对于其他临床科室而言，且由于长时间、连续的工作，使手术室护士成高危群体 。另外，随着医学科学的发展，各种先进仪器设备、高科技产品、各种抗肿瘤药物及消毒剂等被手术室广泛使用。针对危害手术室护士的身体健康的因素不断增加的现象，如何增强手术室护士的自我防护，减轻有害因素对自身的危害，就显得尤为重要。 【关键词】 手术室护士；职业性危害因素 一、危害因素 （一） 压力源因素 1.来自职业的压力 手术室每天工作量大，急诊手术也特别多，随时准备抢救危重患者，精神处于高度紧张状态。巨大的专业压力以及工作中的人际关系等，是手术室护士精神紧张最主要的原因之一，容易造成身心疲劳，产生慢性疲劳综合征。手术室护士在整个手术