高考英语主谓一致完全解析及高考真题.docVIP

主语和谓语的一致 (Agreement between subject and verb) ⒈ Definition: 主语要和谓语在人称和数上保持一致叫主谓一致。 ⒉ 主谓一致包括三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 ㈠ 语法一致原则：指用作主语的名词词组的中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。 ⑴ 介词短语 with, as well as, including, except, except for, but, together, besides, rather than, along with, together with 等修饰主语时，谓语动词的数的形式与介词前面的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。 e.g. I, along with my parents, am a football fan. The girl as well as boys likes playing basketball. 由each 和 every 修饰的名词以及由 every-, any-, some-, no- 构成的复合代词都当作单数，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. Every hour and every minute is important. Every boy and every girl enjoys the holiday. Someone is waiting for you. Everyone is here. Everything is ready. 动名词（短语），不定式（短语）和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 e.g. To see is to believe. Walking on the moon is very difficult. What he said is wrong. 注：ⅰ. 在用形式主语it 的句中和在用it 作主语的强调句中，谓语动词总用单数。 e.g. It isn’t obvious who will be the best. It was he who taught us English last year. ⅱ. what 引导的主语从句，谓语一般用单数，但如果表示复数意义时谓语动词要用复数。 e.g. What he left me are some old books. ⅲ. 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数和先行词保持一致，但如果先行词受到 one of 的修饰时定语从句的谓语动词用复数，谓语动词受到the only (very, last) one of 的修饰时定语从句的谓语动词用单数。 e.g. He has some books which were bought yesterday. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. many a + n.(单数)/ more than one +n.(单数) 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. More than one student likes the popular song- Fly Freely. Many a boy and many a girl has been to Beijing. a number of , a good/ great many, quite a few, scores of 加可数名词的复数形式时，谓语动词用复数； a large amount of, a great deal of 加不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, plenty of 等后面如果接可数名词复数形式时，谓语用复数形式, 如果接不可数名词时谓语动词用单数形式; amounts of…, masses of…, quantities of…, varieties of 无论后接什么名词，谓语动词都要用复数形式。 注：the number of +n.(pl.)谓语动词用单数形式。 分数和百分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面名词的形式。 e.g. One third of the books are worth reading. 20% of the students are absent today. kind/ sort/ type/ form/ series/ species of + n. 作主语时，谓语动词形式取决于这些名词的单复数而不是它们后面的名词。 e.g. This new type of buses is new on