定语从句英文解析.ppt

Attributive Clause; 定义: 所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句，又称作形容词性从句。 两个重要概念: Antecedent(先行词)：放在定语从句前，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 Relative(关系词)：用于引导定语从句的引导词，通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。; 关系词; 关系代词引导的定语从句 Is he the man who/that wants to see you? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. Please pass me the book whose (=of which) cover is green. The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 关系代词的省略：当关系代词在定语从句中用作宾语的时候。在定语从句中能够用作宾语的关系代词有that, which, who, whom。 ; 注意: 我们说的关系代词的省略只限于限制性定语从句，在非限制性定语从句中，即使关系代词用作宾语也不能省略。另外，当关系代词直接用作介词后作宾语时，此时也不能省略。 Eg: I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss books and music. 我想找到一个可以和我谈书和音乐的人 ; 关系副词引导的定语从句 There comes a time when you have to make a choice. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? ; 关系代词that 和 which 的用法区别: 只能用that的情况: 最高级、不定代词、序数词、正是(very, just)、疑（主句是疑问句）、表（先行词在从句中做表语）、人物（人和物同时做先行词）。 只能用which的情况: 1.在介词后 2.引导非限制性定从句 ; Look at the girl and the dog that are crossing the street. This is the most interesting book that Ive ever read. When we see anything that happen on the island, were so glad. Which is the bike that you lost? The building in which Han Mei studied was very old. Johns dog, which was very old now, became ill and died. ; 分类: 根据从句与主句的关系是否紧密来区分，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。 限制性定语从句(Restrictive attributive clause) 对先行词起修饰、限制或确定的作用，若去掉，先行词的意思就不明确，它是不可缺少的一部分，它与先行词的关系密不可分，不可用逗号将其分开。 非限制性定语从句(Non-restrictive attributive clause):起补充说明作用，只是附加成分，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。 ; He didn‘t pass the exam that was too difficult. (限制) 　　他没有通过那个很难的考试。 He didn‘t pass the exam, which disappointed me. (非限制) 　　他没有通过考试，这令我很失望。 This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性） ; 限制性定语从句和 非限制性定语从句的区别: 1) 从结构上来看，限定性从句不能用逗号与先行词分开；而非限定性从句却必须用逗号分开。引导非限定性从句的关系代词不能省略。 The clock (that/which) my gre