河北省邯郸市中考英语阅读理解“主旨大意”题解题指导素材-课件.docVIP

主旨大意题解题指导 主旨大意题是中考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对段落大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。该题也是中考阅读中的重点和难点，这类题往往针对段落或短文的subject(主题)、main idea(中心思想)、title(题目)或purpose(目的)来命题。因为词汇、句式、文化背景等原因，有相当一部分同学对文章的理解会出现一定偏差，从而不能很好地解答这类题目。 这类题的解题关键是采用快速阅读法浏览全文，寻找文章的关键词或中心句。关键词即在文中频繁出现的词；中心句通常出现在文章的开头、结尾部分和各个段落的首尾。因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主旨，解答此类题时，不妨把它作为最后一道来做。主旨大意题常见的提问方式有下列几种： 1. What’s the topic of the article? 2. What is the passage mainly about? 3. What’s the main idea of the passage? 4. What can we learn from the passage? 5. What is the best title/headline for this passage? 6. The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ______. 7. In the passage the author wants to tell ______. 那么如何解这类题呢？下面，结合今年中考试题以及多年的教学经验，提供一些基本的方法来帮助大家。 一、设问方式有哪些？ 大意类： 1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. The main idea of the passage is _____. 3. The first/second/last ... paragraph is mainly about _____. 标题类： 1. What is the best title for the passage? 2. The best title for this passage might be _____. 3. The best headline for this passage could be _____. 目的型： 1. The author’s main purpose is to _____. 2. The passage is meant to _____. 3. The purpose of this article is to _____. 二、高分攻略看过来！ 每篇文章都有它的写作结构，如果我们能抓住文章的结构，找到文章的主题句，就能轻而易举地把握文章的中心大意，所以找准主题句，对于获取文章大意尤其重要。 1. 寻找主题句 一般来说，文章的主题句有以下几种位置： (1) at the beginning (2) at the end (3) at the beginning and at the end (4) in the middle of the passage (5) no clear topic sentence 2. 排除干扰项 一般来说，干扰项有以下特点： (1) 主观臆测，并非作者的观点 (2) 范围过大，过于笼统 (3)范围过小，以偏概全 (4) 文中未提及，找不到出处 三、考查类型及解题技巧有哪些？ 1. 段落大意类 【例1：内蒙古呼和浩特】 For just $38, you can help one person see; for $380, 10 people can see; $1,300 helps train a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again. Your love can help them open their eyes to the world. The last paragraph is mainly about _____. A. how much a training program for a group of doctors costs B. why ORBIS needs your help to continue their work C. who can make thousands of blind people see