workbench的机械臂的多目标优化设计.docVIP

基于workbench的机械吊臂的多目标优化设计 何嘉华1 （1. 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院 广东省广州市 510641） 摘要:现代机械设计中，为数不少的设计将伸缩机械臂结构设计为矩形截面，本文就以这种矩形机械伸缩吊臂为研究对象，利用有限元分析工具workbench进行数值仿真，并通过其内置专业优化模块Design Exploration对矩形结构吊臂进行多目标优化设计，探讨了矩形截面各参数对伸缩机械臂最大正应力的影响，求出吊臂轻量化最优解，优化结果表明：在保证臂架强度、刚度的前提下，臂架质量降低了463.6kg约占优化前臂架质量的15.1%．降低此类了机械吊臂的制造成本，降低了设备的使用能耗，为臂架设计及轻量化提供了理论依据． 关键词：矩形截面；吊臂；workbench ；多目标优化 Abstract: In the modern mechanical design, there are large number of the telescopic arm structure design for rectangular cross section, in this paper, the rectangle mechanical telescopic boom treated as the research object, using the finite element numerical simulation analysis tool workbench, and through its built-in professional optimization module Design Exploration to finish rectangular structure multi-objective optimization Design, the influence of the parameters of the telescopic arm rectangular section to the maximum normal stress are discussed ,and the crane jib lightweight optimal solutions. the optimization results show that under the premise of guarantee the boom strength, stiffness, boom quality decreased 463.6 kg accounted for about 15.1% of the optimization of the forearm rack quality. Reducing such a mechanical arm manufacturing costs and the energy consumption of equipment, providing a theoretical basis for the boom and lightweight design. Keywords:rectangular section; boom; workbench; multi-objective optimization 前言 矩形截面伸缩吊臂广泛应用于大型吊车中，港口集装箱装卸、堆码和水平作业的特种工程设备也都含有此类伸缩臂结构，也用于铁路中转站和工作中转站的货物搬具有机动灵活、操作方便、稳定性好、堆场利用率高等优点 ADDIN EN.CITE ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [ \o 胡仕成, 2013 #18 1]。矩形截面机械臂如图1所示 图1 吊车简图 1 臂架建模与数值仿真 由于大臂，小臂受力情况类似，机械臂大臂小臂均为矩形截面，本文只分析小臂截面各参数与机械臂最大正应力之间的关系，分析大臂与机械臂最大正应力之间的关系方法类似，故本文不做分析。实际设计的机械臂出于制造或安全等因素都设计有倒圆倒角结构，但这些对于本文分析的目的影响不大，如果建模含有倒圆,在划分网格的时候将产生大量的有限元单元增加计算机计算时间且降低了网格质量 ADDIN EN.CITE EndNoteCiteAuthor程彬彬/AuthorYear2015/YearRecNum21/RecNumDisplayTextstyle face=superscript[2]/style/DisplayTextrecordrec-number21/rec-numberforeign-keyskey a