高中英语被动语态课件【突破英语考试资料】.ppt

高中英语复习课  被 动 语 态 语态当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态。 We cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。 一、被动语态： 被动语态 ｛ 主动语态 被动语态 当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。 二、被动语态的一般结构： 即：be+ done (+ by) “be+及物动词的过去分词” 在被动句中有时用by- 词组，有时不用。例如： Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚写的。 The task has been finished. 任务已经完成了。 结构： be+ done (+ by) 一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时： was / were done 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done 一般将来时： shall / will be done ; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done He is regarded as a brilliant. 他被认为很有才气。 This book was written in 1969. 这本书是1969年写成的。 The broken bike is being repaired now. 那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。 He told us the cat was being washed when we called him. 他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。 The pen has been used for several years. 这支钢笔已经用了几年。 He said the factory had been opened . 他说这家工厂已经开张。 The work will be finished in three hours. 工作将于三小时后完成。 The baby must be looked after well.  这孩子必须被好好照顾。 三、各种时态的被动语态： 1.含有双宾语的主动句的转换 I gave the book to Mr. Smith yesterday. 昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。 The book was given to Mr. Smith yesterday ( by me). Mr. Smith was given a book yesterday (by me). 四、 主动变被动中的几个问题： 2. 含有动词短语的句子转换。 They have never listened to him. 人家从不听他的话。 He has never been listened to. 练习： They take good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by them. 注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一 个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him. 3. 主动句中动词不带to, 但在被动句中带to的几种情况： 练习： we heard him say good-bye to his friends. He was heard to say good-bye to his friends. 注意：make, feel, let, hear, see, watch等词 在主动句中动词不带to, 但在被动句中要带to 五、主动形式也可以表示被动意义的几种情况： 　1、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的动词。常见的这类动词有write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run，clean，lock等。这些动词常与副词连用。例如： The machine runs well. This pen writes quite smoothly. This kind of book sell