管理信息系统理论基础与简介.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Perspectives on Information Systems Levels in a Firm Business organizations are hierarchies consisting of three principal levels: senior management, middle management, and operational management. Information systems serve each of these levels. Scientists and knowledge workers often work with middle management. * Transaction processing systems Perform and record daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business Examples: sales order entry, payroll, shipping Allow managers to monitor status of operations and relations with external environment Serve operational levels Serve predefined, structured goals and decision making Types of Information Systems * Types of Information Systems A Payroll TPS A TPS for payroll processing captures employee payment transaction data (such as a time card). System outputs include online and hard-copy reports for management and employee paychecks. FIGURE 2-2 * Management information systems Serve middle management Provide reports on firm’s current performance, based on data from TPS Provide answers to routine questions with predefined procedure for answering them Typically have little analytic capability Types of Information Systems * Types of Information Systems How Management Information Systems Obtain Their Data from the Organization’s TPS In the system illustrated by this diagram, three TPS supply summarized transaction data to the MIS reporting system at the end of the time period. Managers gain access to the organizational data through the MIS, which provides them with the appropriate reports. * Types of Information Systems Sample MIS Report This report, showing summarized annual sales data, was produced by the MIS in Figure 2-3. * Decision support systems Serve middle management Support non-routine decision making Example: What is impact on production schedule if December sales doubled? Often use external information as well from TPS and MIS Model driven DSS Voyage-esti