《土木工程材料》.pptVIP

鸟巢 “鸟巢”效果图 建筑材料的发展: 1824年烧制出水泥→1825年公路隧道(砼) →1850年(钢筋砼） 第一次飞跃:钢筋混凝土 第二次飞跃:预应力混凝土(1928年) 第三次飞跃:混凝土外加剂(70年代出现) 现代建筑材料的三次飞跃： 二.土木工程材料的发展 建筑材料发展趋势： 高性能材料的研究 充分利用地方性材料 节约能源 提高经济效率 生命周期评价 二.土木工程材料的发展 The photograph shows the platform and compare the structure to Londons Tower Bridge. The platform has a total height of 472 m. The concrete gravity structure contains 245 000 m3. HPC 美国建筑师设计出风力旋转公寓 HPC HPC Steel: basic construction material of the 19th and 20th centuries In 1996 in Winterthur, Switzerland, a cable-stayed single pylon bridge of 124 m length, was built. Here the CFRP stay cables were applied experimentally for the first time. Carbon fibre reinforced polymer: a structural material of the future CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced polymer) Carbon fibre reinforced polymer: a structural material of the future CFRP is composed of very thin carbon fibres with a diameter of 5±10 mm, embedded in polyester resin. The commercial carbon fibres have the tensile strength of 3500±7000 MPa, an elastic modulus of 230±650 GPa and an elongation at failure ranging from 0.6 to 2.4 %. The technical characteristics of the CFRP wires used in the stay cables mentioned above are as follows: material density in the wires 1.56 g/m2, fibres content in the wires 68%, tensile strength 3300 MPa, longitudinal elastic modulus 165 GPa, thermal-expansion coefficient 0.2X /k The key problem that was faced was finding the method of anchoring the cables in the anchorage blocks. This was caused by the outstanding mechanical properties of CFRP being present in the longitudinal direction only. The anchorage system worked out by EMPA laboratory solved the problem by the use of a truncated cone shaped locking block filled with casting material, the mechanical properties of which change in accordance with the length of Anchorage. 美籍华裔建筑大师崔悦君打算建造一座高达3200米的“终极塔楼 . .1.按化学成分: 金属:有色金属,黑色金属 无机材料 非金属:玻璃陶瓷,水泥砂浆砼