敞开型测压管水位监测的滞后时间问题研究.docxVIP

文章编号：1000－7598－(2007) 11－2369－06敞开型测压管水位监测的滞后时间问题研究雷国辉 文章编号：1000－7598－(2007) 11－2369－06 敞开型测压管水位监测的滞后时间问题研究 雷国辉 1，宋修广 2，潘维宗 2，赵承忠 3 （1.河海大学 岩土工程水利部重点实验室/岩土工程研究所，南京 210098；2.山东大学 土建与水利学院，济南 250061； 3.济南市人民政府防汛抗旱指挥部办公室，济南 250014） 摘 要：分析了敞开型测压管在水位监测时产生滞后现象的机理，提出了一种简单新方法估算滞后时间，并与 Hvorslev 解答 进行了对比。参数分析结果表明，所提出方法估算的滞后时间约为 Hvorslev 解答的 1/5～1/10。当测压管进水段的长度足够 时，敞开型测压管可以应用于渗透系数为 10-5 甚至 10-6 cm/s 的土体当中，而不会产生显著的滞后现象。通过 28 根敞开型测 压管的现场注水试验，检验了测压管的灵敏度，并验证了分析结果的合理性。 关 键 词：渗压计；测压管；滞后；注水试验；灵敏度 中图分类号：TU413.7 文献标识码：A Study of time lag problem of piezometric level observations using open standpipes LEI Guo-hui1, SONG Xiu-guang2, PAN Wei-zong2, ZHAO Cheng-zhong3 (1. Key Laboratory for Geotechnical Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources; Research Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; 3. Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters Office of Jinan Municipal Government, Jinan 250014, China) Abstract: The mechanisms of the time lag phenomenon induced in piezometric level observations using open standpipes are analyzed. A new simple method is proposed to estimate the lag time; and it is compared with the Hvorslev’s solution. It is found from parametric studies that the estimated lag time by the proposed method is about 1/5 to 1/10 of that by the Hvorslev’s method. When the length of the intake portion of the standpipe is long enough, the open standpipes can be used in a soil with the coefficient of permeability of 10-5 or even 10-6 cm/s, without inducing significant time lag phenomenon. The degrees of sensitivity of 28 open standpipes were examined by field rising-head tests; and the results from the proposed method are verified by the tested results. Key words: piezometer; standpipe; time lag; rising-head test; degree of sensitivity 又叫双管式或水管式渗压计，配备管式压力计 （bourdon gauge），也可用于监测孔隙水压力和渗流 压力。敞开型测压管式渗压计又叫竖管式渗压计， 主要用于监测地下水位、土石坝浸润线以及绕坝或 绕闸渗流。测压管（standpip