LectureXII中国文化与汉英翻译.ppt

Unit 18 中国文化与汉英翻译 教学目的要求：了解中国文化及其翻译。 教学重点：熟练掌握各种翻译技巧：了解如何翻译典型的中国文化的篇章。 教学难点：中国文化中的有关专有名词。 Part I. 语言与文化 文化是人类在认识世界和改造客观世界的社会活动中相互联系、相互影响、相互作用时建立起来的，是一个社会的物质文明和精神文明的总和。 文化与语言的关系 语言与文化相辅相成，语言是文化的重要组成部分，也是文化赖以传播的物质表达形式。（李运兴) 语言和文化共生，共存。（游汝杰) Language is a substantial but partial reflection of a culture. (Newmark, 1991:73) Part II. 文化的处理模式 1.文化直入（the Go-ahead Model）--- 源语文化表达形式直接进入译文。 采用音译或直译: 阴阳（yin and yang），旗袍 (qipao, cheongsam)， 气功(qigong)，开放 (kaifang)，江湖(jianghu) 直译如：hot-dog （热狗）五讲四美 five stresses and four points of beauty Part III 译例分析 春节，又称农历新年，它是中国最重大的传统节日。时间通常在一月底，二月初，象征着一年辛劳后，冬春之交的休息和放松，也象征了喜庆。 [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 烟花 Fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop. 红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.) [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.) 舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests) 戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay New Year’s call; give New Year’s greetings; New Year’s visit [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one‘s ancestors 压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 年糕 Nian-gao; rice cake; New Year cake 团圆饭 family reunion dinner [知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 年夜饭 the dinner on New Year‘s Eve 饺子 Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed wi