中国劳动力教材市场户籍分割跟企业在职培训的作用.pdf

北大教育经济研究（电子季刊） 第3 卷第3 期 Economics of Education Research (Beida) （总第8 期） 北京大学教育经济研究所主办 2005 年9 月 Institute of Economics of Education, Peking University 主编：闵维方；副主编：丁小浩 闫凤桥； 本期执行主编：岳昌君 中国劳动力市场户籍分割与企业在职培训的作用 李 湘 萍1 （北京大学教育学院 教育经济研究所，北京 100871） 摘 要：本文运用2004 年中国9 省（市）企业员工培训和继续学习调查数据，验证中国 劳动力市场存在户籍分割，并分析企业在职培训对处于不同层次劳动力市场的员工收入 增长、职业发展的影响。得出以下结论： (1)中国存在由户籍制度造成的劳动力市场分割特征，农民工主要处于次要劳动力市场。 (2)户籍对于员工参与企业在职培训以及培训的收益率都有显著影响；在其他条件相同情 况下，城镇户籍员工比农民工的在职培训参与率和收益率都显著更高。(3)在职培训对于 提高农民工收入具有显著的正的影响。(4)此前培训（进入本单位前接受的培训）对于农 民工进入主要劳动力市场具有显著作用。 关键词：劳动力市场分割；户籍制度；在职培训；收益率 China’s Labor Market Segmentation of Household Registration System and On-The-Job Training in Private Sector LI Xiang-Ping (Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) Abstract: Based on China’s 9 Urban Workers’ Training and Learning Survey data in 2004, this paper has tested China’s labor market segmentation of Household Registration System and analysed the effects of on-the-job training （OJT ）on workers’ earnings growth and job development in different labor markets. The main findings in this article are: First, China has witnessed labor market segmentation because of Household Registration System; Migrant rural workers are mainly in secondary sectors. Second, Household Registration System has remarkable effects on workers’ OJT participation and the rate of return.;When other variances controlled,urban workers have remarkable higher participation and the rate of return than migrant rural workers.Third, OJT has remarkable positive effects on migrant rural workers’ earnings growth .Forth, Migrant rura