语言学习与语言教学的原则修改版.ppt

Language functions The interactional function of language serves to ensure social maintenance. “Phatic communion(应酬语),” Malinowaski’s term referring to the communicative contact between and among human beings that simply allows them to establish social contact and to keep channels of communication open, is part of the interactional function of language. Successful international communication requires knowledge of slang, jargon, jokes, folklore, cultural mores, politeness and formality expectations, and other keys to social exchange. Language functions The personal function allows speaker to express feelings, emotions, personality, gut-level reactions. A person’s individuality is usually characterized by his or her use of personal function of communication. In the personal nature of language, cognition, affect, and culture all interact in ways that have not yet been explored. Language functions The heuristic function involves language use to acquire knowledge, to learn about the environment. Heuristic functions are often conveyed in the form of questions that will lead to answers. Children typically make good use of heuristic function in their incessant “why” questions about the world around them. Inquiry is a heuristic methods if eliciting representations of reality from others. Language functions The imaginative function serves to create imaginary systems or ideas. Telling fairy tales, joking or writing a novel are all uses of the imaginative function. Using the language for the sheer pleasure of using language—as in poetry, tongue twisters, puns—are also instances of ima-ginative function. Through the dimensions of language we are free to go beyond the real worlds to soar the heights of the beauty of the language itself, and through that lang-uage to create impossible dreams if we so desire. Language functions From these seven functions above I mentioned, the fun-ctions of language are neither discrete nor mutually ex-clusive. A single sentence or conversations mi