石油醚-甲醇提取茶油和茶皂素工艺研究.doc

石油醚-甲醇提取茶油和茶皂素工艺研究 张辉 熊道陵 陈金洲 汪杨 吕琪 （江西理工大学 冶金与化学工程学院，江西 赣州 341000） 摘 要:采用石油醚-甲醇为两相混合溶剂同时提取油茶籽枯饼中的茶油和茶皂素并探讨混合溶剂萃取茶油机理。分析甲醇浓度、混合溶剂用量，烃醇质量比，萃取温度、萃取时间对萃取效果的影响，确定最佳工艺参数为：甲醇浓度90 %，固液质量比1:3，烃醇质量比1:1，萃取温度50 ℃，萃取时间90 min，萃取2次，粗茶油得率为8.42 %，茶皂素得率为7.01 %。实验提取的粗茶油颜色呈黄色稍带褐色，凝固点-2 ℃，酸值6.489 mg(KOH)/g，皂化值199.821 mg(KOH)/g，碘值78.616 g/(100g)，粗茶油中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达85.006 %，粗茶油质量好。混合溶剂萃取茶油机理表明： 关键词：油茶籽枯饼；混合溶剂；茶油；茶皂素 中图分类号：TS22 文献标志码：A 文章编号: Technology research on extraction of tea oil and tea saponin with petroleum -methanol ZHANG Hui, XIONG Daoling, CHEN Jinzhou, WANG Yang, LV （School?of?Metallurgy?and?Chemical?Engineering,?JiangXi?University?of?science? and?technology, Ganzhou,?341000,?China） Abstract：The tea oil and tea saponin were simultaneously extracted from camellia oleifera cake with two-phase solvent of petroleum ether and methanol solution,and mechanism of the mixed solvent to extract tea oil was discussed. The methanol concentration, mixed solvent dosage, the ratio between the solvent extraction, extraction temperature and extraction time on the extraction effect were researched. The best process parameters?was 90 % methanol concentration, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:3, hydrocarbon alcohol mass ratio1:1, extraction temperature 50 ℃, extraction time 90 min, extraction twice, and tea oil yield was 8.42%, the tea saponin yield is 7.01% in this condition of the process. The coarse tea oil was yellow in colour with black，freezing point-2℃,acid value 6.489 mg/g (KOH),saponification value 199.821 mg/g (KOH) and Iodine value 78.616 g / (100 g). Unsaturated fatty acid content in the coarse tea oil is as high as 85.006 %, and the quality is good. mechanism of the mixed solvent to extract tea oil showed that partition coefficient of tea oil in two phase system of petroleum ether and 95 % methanol was 527.03, the process of two-phase solvent of petroleum ether and methanol solution extract Keywords：camellia oleifera cake;mixed solvent;tea oil;tea saponin ——————————