人教版高一英语必修四Unit1-Women-of-achievement.ppt

4. Structures ——Subject-verb agreement 概念 所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。 (2）语法特点 主谓一致主要有以下特点： 语法一致原则 ①and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况： Ⅰ.He and I _____both students of this school.  我和他都是这个学校的学生。 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。 are Ⅱ.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 　 The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。 The knife and fork ____on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。 is is ②如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。 　 What he is doing seems very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。 ③定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从 句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. ④with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but,including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。如： 　 The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。 ①either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 就近原则 Neither you nor I am wrong. There is a cup of tea and some apples on the table. Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. 概念一致原则 所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。 ①不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。 All of the apples ____rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。 All of the apple ____rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 are is None of the money_____ left.