高中英语语法篇——定语从句(试讲).pptVIP

高中英语语法篇 ——定语从句The attributive clause 授课教师：姜洋 考点直击 定语从句是英语学习的重点和难点，也是高考的重点和热点。重点注意以下几个方面： 定语从句的种类和常见关系词的用法。 that引导的定语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句的区别。 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法。 which，as引导的非限制性定于从句的的用法及区别。 关系副词引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别。 定语从句与强调句式和名词性从句的辨析。 A Short Story I will tell you a story that is very interesting. It is about a young man who was called Tom.Tom married a girl whose name was Jane. Jane was the girl whom Tom loved. They lived in a house which was built by Tom’s father. It was an old house where Tom was born. Tom liked to write stories and Jane loved all the stories that Tom wrote. They had 5 children, of whom 3 were boys. The children were very clever, which made Tom very happy. All the children went to college, as their parents expected. 知识网络构建 一.基本概念 1. 定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的 从句叫定语从句。 2. 先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 3. 关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。并在句子中充当句 子成分。 关系词的使用情况 先行词 引导词/关系词 引导词在从句中担任的成分 物 that,which 主语、宾语、表语 whose 定语 when,where,why 状语 人 who,that 主语、宾语、表语 whose 定语 whom 宾语、表语 人、物 that 主语、宾语、表语 注意：关系代词which ,as可以指代整个句子，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。定语从句中关系词的选择依据有两个：一是看先行词是人还是物，二是看关系词在句子中担当什么成分。 二.关系词的用法 1. 关系代词的用法 （1）由who引导的定语从句 关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主 语和宾语。例如： It is about a young man who was called Tom. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. （2）由whom引导的定语从句 关系代词whom只能指人，是who的宾格， 在句中作宾语，口语中常省略。例如： Jane was the girl whom Tom loved. Mrs Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine. （3）由that引导的定语从句。 关系代词that在定语从句中既能作主语 ，又可作宾语；即可指人，又可指物。例如： I will tell you a story that is very interesting. The book that is on the desk was written by my grandfatrher. （4）由which引导的定语从句。 关系代词which一般指物，在从句中作 主语，也可作宾语。例如： They lived in a house which was built by Tom’s father. That is the pen (which) I lost yesterday. （5）由whose引导的定语从句。 关系代词whose是who的所有格，在从句 中作主语，既可指人，又可指物。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Nobody wants the house whose roof