试论我国转基因农产品贸易政策目标的选择(7)(1).docVIP

试论我国转基因农产品贸易政策目标的选择 摘 要：为了获取科学技术进步的动态利益，应该把实现农产品对外贸易的快速增长、促进农业生物技术产业的健康发展、规避对生物多样性和生态环境构成的潜在风险和威胁以及维护消费者的知情权和选择权作为我国转基因农产品国际贸易的政策目标。然而，转基因农产品国际贸易的政策目标也可能存在着某种程度上的不兼容问题，如促进农业生物技术产业的健康发展与规避对生物多样性和生态环境构成的潜在风险和威胁。为此，笔者建议，在目标不兼容状态下进行我国转基因农产品贸易政策的选择应遵循如下原则，即在规避对生物多样性和生态环境构成的潜在风险和威胁以及维护消费者的知情权和选择权的基础上，实现农产品对外贸易的快速增长，最大限度地促进农业生物技术产业的发展。 关键词：中国 转基因农产品 国际贸易 政策目标 Abstract: In order to achieve the dynamic benefits of technological progresses, they, such as realizing the rapid increase of foreign trade of agricultural products, promoting the healthy development of agricultural biotechnology industries, avoiding the potential risks and menace to biological diversity and ecological environment and protecting the knowing rights and choosing rights of consumers, should be treated as the policy objectives of international trade of Chinese GMOs. But the trade policy objectives may exist some incompatible problems to some extent, such as promoting the healthy development of agricultural biotechnology industries and avoiding the potential risks and menace to biological diversity and ecological environment. Therefore, the author suggests that the trade policy objectives of Chinese GMOs should be chosen according to the following principles in the incompatible state, namely they should be beneficial to realize the rapid increase of foreign trade of agricultural products and promote the development of agricultural biotechnology industries within superior limits on the basis of avoiding the potential risks and menace to biological diversity and ecological environment and protecting the knowing rights and choosing rights of consumers. Key words: China; GMOs; international trade; policy objectives 转基因农产品是指应用现代生物技术，导入特定的外源基因，从而获得的具有特定性状的改良生物品种及其制成品。在转基因农产品商业化的过程中，遇到了许多麻烦，尤其是其国际贸易争端，不能不引起我国的高度重视。一般说来，世界各国的贸易政策目标都是随其社会经济的发展而不断进行调整的。改革开放后，我国对外贸易政策的总体目标正逐步向发展中国家的以追求经济利益为主的方向靠拢，以实现国民经济的增长。为了最大限度地获取科学技术进步的动态利益，笔者认为，至少应把以下几个方面的内容作为我国转基因农产品国际贸易的政策目标。 一、实现农产品对外贸易的快速增长 农业是一个国家国民经济的基础，其主要由种植业、畜牧业、水产