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13- 11- 18 Q factor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Q factor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In physics and engineering the
quality factor or Q factor is a
dimensionless parameter that
describes how under-damped an
oscillator or resonator is,[1] or
equivalently, characterizes a
resonators bandwidth relative to
its center frequency.[2] Higher Q
indicates a lower rate of energy
loss relative to the stored energy
of the resonator ; the oscillations
die out more slowly. A pendulum
suspended from a high-quality
bearing, oscillating in air, has a
The bandwidth, , or f to f , of a damped
high Q, while a pendulum immersed in 1 2
oil has a low one. Resonators with oscillator is shown on a graph of energy versus
high quality factors have low frequency. The Q factor of the damped oscillator,
damping so that they ring longer. or filter, is . The higher the Q, the
narrower and sharper the peak is.
Contents
1 Explanation
2 Definition of the quality factor
3 Q factor and damping
3.1 Quality factors of common systems
4 Physical interpretation of Q
5 Electrical systems
5.1 RLC circuits
5.2 Individual reactive components
6 Mechanical systems
7 Optical systems
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Explanation
Sinusoidally driven resonators having higher Q factors resonate with greater
amplitudes (at the resonant frequency) but have a smaller range of frequencies
around that frequency for which they resonate; the range of frequencies for which
the oscillator resonates is called the bandwidth. Thus, a high-Q tuned circuit in a
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