高中英语复习北师大版《虚拟语气》.pptVIP

SubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、愿望等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 虚拟语气的概念 一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气 1. 时间一致 2. 错综时间的虚拟句 3. 倒装句 4. 含蓄条件句 5. If only 感叹 二、名词性从句的虚拟语气 宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式 1. wish 2. as if/though 3. would rather 4. It’s (about/high) time … 5. It’s necessary / strange / natural / important + that从句 虚拟语气 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 过去 现在 未来 did/were sth. had done sth. would/could/should/might +do sth. would/could/should/might+have done sth. did/were sth. should do sth. were to do sth. would/could/should/might +do sth. 一.虚拟语气在(if等)条件状语从句中的用法 1. 时间一致 (3种形式) 1. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 2. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. 3. If I had 5000 yuan, I would buy a computer. 4. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 5. If it snowed/ should snow/ were to snow tomorrow, we would take photos. 6. If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping. （3和4与现在事实相反） （1和2与过去事实相反） （5和6与将来事实相反） 2、错综时间的虚拟句 通常情况,在非真实条件句中主句和从句谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式. 2. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去。) 1) If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. 2) If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn’t be smiling now. (从句指过去,主句指现在。) 虚拟语气 3、倒装句 (省略 if 的条件从句 ) 当从句中有 had, were或 should 时，可省略if ，把它们放在句首。 1) If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. Had you come a few… . 2) If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow, … . 3) If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment… . 4.含蓄条件句 (without, but for“要不是”, or和otherwise 构成虚拟。) 1) Without sunlight, there would be no life on our planet. 2) But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. 3) I was ill that day. Otherwise, I woul