雅思阅读语法7--名词性从句.pptVIP

从句讲解之一：名词性从句 Tracey 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that、whether、if不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whose、which. 连接副词：when、where、how、why 不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。例如： 　　That she was chosen made us very happy. 她被选上了，我们很高兴。 　　We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。 比较：whether与if 均为是否的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 2. 引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语 4. 从句后有or not 　　 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。例如： 　　 It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。 　　 It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。 1.that引导主语从句 that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词，既无词义也不作成分，只起单纯的连接作用，且通常不可以省。为了强调that引导的主语从句而置之于句首时，that不可省。 ①That the driver could not control his car was obvious. ②That she was chosen made us very happy. ③That he will come is certain. ④That he would take the risk is true. ⑤That he should have married her isnt surprising. ★通常，that引导主语从句时用it做形式主语，把从句置于句尾，此时that有时可省。例如： ①It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. ②It made us very happy that she was chosen. ③It is certain that he will come. ④It is true that he would take the risk. ⑤It isnt surprising (that) he should have married her. ★如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，就只能用先行词it结构。例如： ①Is it certain that he will come? ②Is it true that he would take the risk? ▲it做形式主语有以下几种不同的结构： (1)It + be + 形容词+ that-从句 ①It is likely that he will come. ②It is strange that she has ever trusted him. ③It is important that he (should) attend the meeting. ④It is best that he (should) go. 此句型在表示惊讶、喜悦、遗憾等感情色彩时，that从句中的谓语动词也常用 (should) + v原形。 It is strange that no one should have objected to the plan. (2)It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. Its a pity that he should have catched the train. (3) It + be + -ed分词 + that从句 It is said that he is a famous writer.