《智能交通系统》英语版第四章英文版.pptx

Chapter 4 ;4.1.3Local Residents and Enterprise;Car users, truck drivers and delivery vehicles can all gain from ITS, for example, through greater safety, more certainty in their journeys, shorter journey times, more direct routes and easier access to parking. ;Pedestrians and other vulnerable road users can experience greater safety and a balancing of traffic priorities in their favour. ;Public transit users can have shorter journey times and rely on better information. For public transport users, and for people wishing to make multi-modal journeys, ITS is an unequivocal good. They improve information, journey time, frequency and reliability and make interchange easier. ;By reducing the vulnerability of the transport infrastructure to extreme events everyone benefits. Thus， ITS can help in preventing incidents and delivering a faster recovery when things go wrong . ITS can bring benefits for emergency services and other agencies in their work to serve the needs of the travelling public. ;Some advantages of ITS come at a perceived cost to the user. There can be a trade-off. For example, safety, security and journey time predictability may come from tracking the location of the vehicle or controlling the driver’s speed. Some will perceive this as an invasion of privacy, or unnecessary interference with the driver’s control. Similar issues of perception come with in-car ITS. Driver aids can make driving safer for older people.;In most of the developed and developing world, traffic growth will outstrip the benefits gained through the ITS within a few years, unless the ITS is implemented as part of a wider scheme for change. ;Urban traffic control;? ACN;S;;;;;;;4.1.2 Transport Professionals;;4.2What are Specific Benefits; 4.2.1 Problems of Quantification ; 4.2.2 Safety Benefits ;The measure of percent reduction in collisions is a direct indication of safety but difficult to obtain empirically fro