社区养老设施综合性设计策略——基于老年人使用需求的国内外三案例考察.pdf

摘 要 通过国内外三个社区养老设施使用状况的调查发现：上海Y社区长者照护之家的老年人活动分布楼 层化明显，短期居住与日间照料老年人少有交流，居室缺乏私密性，与社区生活隔离；巴塞罗那F社区综合 体的老年人拥有自由的生活方式，灵活地选择活动场所，与社区保持密切联系；京都 I 社区养老设施居家氛 围浓厚，老年人与社区联系紧密，高效使用照料资源。基于老年人的使用需求，提出社区养老设施综合性设 计策略：在物质环境方面应营造浓厚的居家氛围，保证个人私密性，进行精心的无障碍设计，加强照料资源 的联动调配；在社会环境方面应以老年人为中心，提供高度精细化服务，实现老年人与社区生活的融合，加 强老年人和居民之间的互动交流。 关键词 社区养老设施 老年人 使用需求 综合性设计策略 ABSTRACT By investigating three community-based elderly facilities domestic and abroad, this paper found that, in the elderly’s care home in community Y in Shanghai, the elderly’s behavior distribution is limited on different floors without enough communication across the floor. The rooms of the elderly in short stay, who are isolated from community life, are lack of privacy. In the complex of community F in Barcelona, the elderly can freely arrange their schedules and flexibly choose a variety of places for activities in the community complex, keeping in close contact with the familiar community. In the elderly facilities of community I in Kyoto, a strong home atmosphere, community integration and efficient use of care resources are created. Based on the elderly’s using demand, a comprehensive design strategy of community-based elderly facilities is proposed to create a strong home atmosphere, ensure privacy, conduct barrier-free design and facilities cooperation in aspects of physical environment, and to provide fine service priority to the elderly, realize community integration and interaction between the elderly and the residents in aspects of social environment. KEY WORDS community-based elderly facilities, the elderly, using demand, comprehensive design strategy DOI 10.12069/j.na.201802003 中图分类号 TU246.2 文献标志码 B 文章编号 1000-3959（2018）02-0014-06 基金项目 国家自然科学基金面上项目 李斌 张雪 徐钰彬 李华 LI Bin ZHANG Xue XU Yubin LI Hua 社区养老设施综合性设计策略 1 Y社区长者照护之家 ——基于老年人使用需求的国