品牌的制度经济学分析(1).docVIP

PAGE PAGE i 品牌的制度经济学分析 随着商品经济的不断发展，品牌日益成为一个企业的重要资产，甚至比厂房机器更为重要。但在理论层面上，关于品牌的本质等问题依然没有得到有效解决，理论被实践远远地甩在了后面，本文力图在制度经济学的框架内，对品牌本质以及运行机制作出解释，主要从产权结构和交易成本两个方面对品牌进行了分析。 本文所讲的制度制度经济学是指以Rondld H. Coase等为代表的新制度经济学。新制度经济学明确把交易成本引入研究的范围，把组织问题作为自己的研究对象，试图通过研究产权结构和交易成本对激励和经济行为的影响来拓展新古典理论的适用范围。 品牌的出现在客观上是降低交易成本的需要，品牌的本质必须能够揭示这一问题。本文从实证分析中证明了品牌是一种信息载体，分析了信息传递过程以及信息成本的问题，并且指出了其现实意义。品牌作为一项资产，在某些场合缺少了排他权，本文在后半部分论证了缺乏排他权时，市场必然导致失效，并结合案例就如何管理在制度经济学框架内提出了具体的措施和方案。 关键词：品牌；信息载体；交易成本 Abstract With the developing of the goods economics, brand is being one of the most important assets for a firm, even more important than the machine and factory building. But the theory about the problems such as brand’s nature still has not explained efficaciously. Theory is far away behind the practice. My article try to explain what the beand’s nature is and how it works, all the analysis is in the frame of Institutional Economics. The analysis mainly concern on the property structure and transaction costs. Institutional Economics of my article is New Institutional Economics for which is standed by Rondld H. Coase and so on. New Institutional Economics take explicit introduction of transaction costs into economic analysis, and take the organization as its research subject. New Institutional Economics try to extend neoclassical theory by studying what the property structure and transaction costs affect the excitation and economic behaviour Objectively, brand coming to reduce the transaction costs, nature of the brand must explain it. My article proves brand is a information carrier by analysing the concerste evidence, analyse the transmission process of the information and the problem about information costs, and point out its immediate sigificance. As a assets, brand may lack the excludability rights some times, I prove it make the market no-efficient in half back part of my article, and provide some measures to manage the brand in such condition in the fram of the New Institutional Economics according