光伏发电及充电系统研究.docx

PAGE PAGE I 光伏发电及充电系统研究 摘 要 随着社会不断的发展，人类对于能源的需求越来越大，大量能源的消耗又进一步加重了环境污染，因此，人类急需一种可再生的对环境有好的新能源。在众多可再生能源中，太阳能是最有发展前景的一种能源。它不仅具有取之不尽优点，也是一种清洁无污染的能源，太阳能逐渐受到科研人员的重视，但是目前太阳能电池普遍存在转换效率低的缺陷，因此它的普及程度还不够高。 针对上述问题，为了将光伏电池发出的电能更高效地储存在蓄电池中，并增加蓄电池的使用寿命，本文做了以下研究。首先通过查找大量国内外参考文献，分析了国内外的研究状况，提出了本文的研究内容。然后通过分析光伏发电系统的组成和工作原理，的到太阳能电池的输出特性，通过对比常见几种蓄电池充电方法，最终选择带有最大功率点跟踪的二阶段充电法。本文主要对太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪算法（MPPT）进行研究，选用BUCK直流变换电路作为主电路。文章最后通过实验，证明本文提出的方案不仅可以快速跟踪到电池的最大功率点，而且还可以减少功率损耗，提高发电效率，增加蓄电池使用寿命，具有很好的研究价值和使用价值。 关键词：太阳能；蓄电池充电；最大功率点跟踪；BUCK直流变换电路 The research of photovoltaic power generation and charging system Abstract With the continuous development of society, the demand for energy is more and more big, and the consumption of a large amount of energy has further aggravated the environmental pollution. Therefore, it is urgent for human beings to have a good renewable energy. Among the renewable energy, solar energy is the most promising energy. It is not only an advantage, is also a kind of clean energy, solar energy has received the attention of researchers, but there exist defects in solar cell conversion efficiency is low, so its popularity is not high enough. In order to solve the above problems, the following research is done in order to store the energy stored in photovoltaic cells in the battery more efficiently and increase the service life of the battery. First, through searching a large number of domestic and foreign references, this paper analyzes the research status at home and abroad, and puts forward the research content of this paper. Then through the analysis of the composition and working principle of photovoltaic power generation system, the output characteristics of solar cells, by comparing several common battery charging method, the final choice with the two phase of the maximum power point tracking charging method. In this paper, the maximum power point tracking algorithm (MPPT) of solar cells is studied, and the BUCK DC converter is used as the main circuit. Fina