2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修7精品学案：Unit2Section_ⅣGrammar__Writing精品版.docVIP

……………………………………………………………名校名师推荐………………………………………………… PAGE PAGE 1 Section_ⅣGrammar__Writing 被动语态(Ⅰ)　动词不定式的被动式 不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般使用被动式。 一、动词不定式被动式的构成和意义 构成 意义 一般式 to be done 表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作 完成式 to have been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作 The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth. 下一步要做的事是把土运走。 No harm seems to have been done to them. 对他们似乎并没有造成损害。 　eq \a\vs4\al([考题印证])1 ①(山东高考改编)George returned after the war, only to_be_told (tell) that his wife had left him. ②(湖南高考改编)Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success. 二、动词不定式被动式的用法 (1)作主语 It is an honour to be chosen as a volunteer. 能被选上做志愿者，真是一件荣幸的事情。 (2)作表语 The task is to be finished by next month. 这项工作要在下个月才能完成。 (3)作宾语 The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again. 那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。 (4)作宾语补足语 He ordered the baggage to be brought to his room. 他吩咐把行李搬进他的房间。 (5)作定语 He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting. 他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。 (6)作状语 He drove to the airport in a hurry, only to be informed that the plane had taken off. 他匆忙驱车赶往机场，结果被告知飞机已经起飞了。 　eq \a\vs4\al([考题印证])2 ①(北京高考改编)Its important for the figures to_be_updated (update) regularly. ②(北京高考改编)There are still many problems to_be_solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. ③(四川高考改编)The airport to_be_completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. ④(重庆高考改编)Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to_be_made (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company. ⑤(浙江高考改编)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city to_be_cheered (cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters. 三、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的常见结构 (1)动词不定式和所修饰的词之间是被动关系，但不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 Do you have anything to say? 你有什么话要说吗？(虽然say与anything之间为动宾关系，但句中出现了say的逻辑主语you) With so much housework to do, I cant go to the concert. 有这么多家务要去做，我不能去音乐会。(to do与things之间为动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。) (2)在某些“形容词＋不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾