花莲明星级社区发展观光的限制与可能性.PDFVIP

39 103 12 1-18 Yu Da Academic Journal Vol.39, December 2014, pp. 1-18 . 花蓮明星級社區發展觀光的限制與可能性 張育銓 摘要 在社區總體營造 （簡稱社區營造）的風潮下 ，花蓮一些明星級社區接受 來自中央各部會的經費補助 ，培植出明星級的社造團隊 ，僅小規模地發展出利益 分享範圍相當侷限的社區觀光 ，並未考量到社區觀光可以為社區整體發展所帶來 的機會 ，未將文化與經濟進一步連結發展出更多可能性 。明星級社造團隊在政府 的補助與標案中，以公司化 、專職化 、社團化 ，形構出地方上微政治體的運作模 式 ，導致民眾參與的理想越加難以達成 。如何將侷限在社造團隊的社區營造資源 開放成社區共享的資源 ，讓更多居民參與社區觀光 ，是台灣社區營造在符合公共 利益的前提下 ，必須認真思考的問題 。本文以筆者在花蓮長達十五年的田野觀察 與擔任社區事務審查委員的經驗 ，探討從明星級社造團隊發展社區觀光的限制 中，以小規模觀光產業發展社區觀光的可能性 。 關鍵字：社區總體營造、社區觀光、花蓮、微政治體 * - 1 - 39 103 12 Limitations and Possibilities of Tourism Development in Star-Level Communities in Hualien Yu-Chuan Chang * Abstract Because community empowerment has become prevalent, several star communi- ties in Hualien have accepted funds from central ministries and departments and have developed star-level community empowerment teams. However, only small-scale com- munity tourism industries with limited benefit-sharing scopes were developed without considering the potential overall community development opportunities associated with community tourism. Moreover, further cultural and economic connections have not been established, which could generate increased possibilities. To obtain govern- ment grants and bids, star-level community empowerment teams operate as local mi- cropolitical bodies through corporatization, specialization, and association formation. Consequently, private participation has become increasingly difficult. Sharing limited resources between community empowerment teams and increasing resident participa - tion in community tourism under the premise of public interest is a crucial concern for community empowerment in Taiwan that must be addressed. Based o