从译者改写行为看葛浩文《狼图腾》英译.pdf

Abstract Translation studies have gone through three phases; they are pre-linguistic translation study, linguistic translation study and post-linguistic translation study respectively. The pre-linguistic phase features empirical theory, and the linguistic phase focuses on transferring between two languages; while in the post-linguistic phase, translation study is not limited in language transference. Instead, it is combined with other disciplines ranging from culture to cognition. André Lefevere, a leading figure of the manipulation school, proposed translation study from cultural perspective; broke the linguistic translation deadlock and brought a new paradigm into translation study. In Levefere’s view, “translation is a rewriting of an original text. All rewritings, whatever their intention, reflect a certain ideology and a poetics and as such manipulate literature to function in a given society in a given way. Rewriting is manipulation, undertaken in the service of power, and in its positive aspect can help in the evolution of a literature and a society. Rewritings can introduce new concepts, new genres, new devices and the history of translation is the history also of literary innovation, of the shaping power of one culture upon another” (ⅶ). Lefevere put forward three constraints under which translators operate. They are poetics, patronage and ideology which provide theoretical bases for those translated works that are not absolutely faithful to the original. Lang Tuteng has sparked a wave of passion since 2004. In 2008, the Changjiang Literature and Arts Press gave the authority to the Penguin Press to publish the English version translated by Howard Goldblatt, a sinologist in the