半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉及表征.pdf

6 2010, Vol. 31, No. 08 食品科学 ※工艺技术 1 2 1 1 , 潘安龙 ，吴修利 ，邢大辉 ，薛冬桦 * (1.长春工业大学化学与生命科学学院，吉林长春 130012 ；2.长春大学生物科学技术学院，吉林长春 130012) ：以玉米淀粉为原料，利用N -(2,3- 环氧丙基)三甲基氧化铵(GTA) 为醚化剂，在NaOH 为催化剂条件下， 通过半干法制备阳离子淀粉。实验表明：对阳离子淀粉取代度(DS)影响的因素顺序依次为：反应时间＞反应温度 ＞体系中含水量＞氢氧化钠用量。当淀粉用量为10g、GTA 用量为1.5g、NaOH 0.2g 、反应温度80 ℃、反应时 间4h 、体系中含水量24% 时，DS 可达到0.105 。对不同取代度的阳离子淀粉进行理化性质分析及表征，结果表 明：阳离子淀粉的透明度、溶解度均随着取代度的增高有所增加。通过对阳离子淀粉进行红外光谱、偏光分析和 X 射线衍射分析，证实取代反应过程中淀粉结构发生了一定程度的变化。 ：阳离子淀粉；取代度(DS) ；N -(2,3- 环氧丙基)三甲基氯化铵(GTA) ；结构表征 Semi-dry Preparation and Structural Characterization of High-substituted Cationic Corn Starch 1 2 1 1, PAN An-long ，WU Xiu-li ，XING Da-hui ，XUE Dong-hua * (1. School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China； 2. Biological Scientific and Technical College, Changchun University, Changchun 130012, China) Abstract ：In the present study, corn starch was etherified with N-(2, 3-epoxy propyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTA) under the catalysis of sodium hydroxide and high-substituted cationic starches were obtained. To achieve an optimal compro- mise between high degree of substitution (DS) and high reaction efficiency, orthogonal array design was used to investigate reaction temperature and time, water content in reaction system and addition amount of sodium hydroxide affecting high- substituted cationic starch preparation. Meanwhile, products with different DS obtained were structurally characterized by infrared, polarization and X-ray spectroscopies. Results showed that the contribution of the above parameters to the