文献翻译工作地技巧总结.docVIP

2.十种翻译技巧了解完四种翻译方法后，我们再来了解一下十种常用翻译技巧，即重复法(repetition)，增词法(amplification)，省略法(omission)，词类转换法(conversion)，词序调整法(inversion)，拆译法(division)，正说反译和反说正译法(negation)，语态变换法(voice changes)，引申法和句子成分转译法。2.2.1重复法(repetition) 重复法(repetition)是在翻译中，为了使译文忠实于原文并且产生意义明确，文字通顺、流畅，符合目的语习惯的文字，而将某一部分文字反复使用的翻译技巧。例子：1. You must ask the mother at home, the children in the street, the ordinary man in the market and look at their mouth, how they speak, and translate that way; then they’ll understand and see that you’re speaking to them in German. （重复谓语动词）你一定要问一问家庭主妇们，问一问街头玩耍的孩子，问一问集市上做买卖的百姓，听听他们说些什么，他们如何说，你就如何译；这样他们就会理解，就会明白：你是在用德语和他们讲话。2. We have to analyze and solve problems. (重复宾语)我们必须分析问题，解决问题。3. Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. (重复省略的部分)无知是畏惧之源，羡慕之根。4. But we still have defects, and very big ones. (指代内容的重复)但我们仍有不足，而且是很大的不足。5. The dog is chasing the cat which is chasing a rat which is having a piece of cheese in its mouth.??(指代内容的重复)那条狗在追着那只猫，而猫又在追着一只老鼠，老鼠的嘴里衔着一块奶酪。6. 判断我们各方面工作的是非得失，归根到底，要以是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强我国的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平为标准。In the final analysis, the criterion for judging the success or failure of our work in various fields is whether it helps to develop the productive forces of socialist society, to strengthen the overall capacity of the country and to improve the people’s living standards.7.?And I did not translate them as an interpreter, but as an orator, keeping the same ideas and forms, or as one might say, the ‘figures’ of thoughts, but in language which conforms to our usage.(重复主语)?我翻译这些演说词，不是作为译者而是作为演说家。我保留了原作同样的意思和形式（或者像有人所说的思想的‘形象’），而使用的语言与我们的语言习惯一致。8.?Woman is the gate of the devil, the path of wickedness, the sting of the serpent, in a word a perilous object.” (重复谓语)女人是罪恶之门、邪恶之径、毒蛇之牙，总之，女人是件危险的东西。9.?And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比，认为这些思维过程必须经过某种