微生物学通报应对日益严峻的挑战中国禽传染性支气管-微生物学报.pdfVIP

微生物学通报 Jul. 20, 2019, 46(7): 1837−1849 Microbiology China DOI: 10.13344/j.microbiol.china.180898 tongbao@ /wswxtbcn 专论与综述 动物病毒学专栏 应对日益严峻的挑战：中国禽传染性支气管炎研究 黄梦姣 张芸 薛春宜 曹永长* 中山大学生命科学学院 广东 广州 510275 摘 要：自1937 年禽传染性支气管炎病毒在美国被首次分离以来，该病毒的传播给世界养禽业带来 了严重的经济损失。中国地域辽阔、气候多样，国内该病毒的流行情况十分复杂。本文就传染性支 气管炎在国内的病原分离、分子流行病学、检测技术、疫苗及综合防控技术等方面的研究与实践进 行总结。目前，该病毒在中国多种类型毒株并存，优势流行毒株为 QX 基因型毒株。除广泛使用的 H120 等Mass 血清型疫苗外，4/91 血清型疫苗和LDT3-A 株疫苗也被逐步使用，多采用弱毒疫苗和 灭活疫苗联合免疫的方法有效控制了其对养禽业造成的经济损失。 关键词：禽传染性支气管炎，中国，分子流行病学，免疫程序，中药治疗 To meet the growing challenge: research of avian infectious bronchitis in China * HUANG Meng-Jiao ZHANG Yun XUE Chun-Yi CAO Yong-Chang School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China Abstract: Since first isolated in America in 1937, avian infectious bronchitis virus causes serious economic loss to the poultry industry worldwide. Because of vast territory and climate diversity, the domestic epidemic situation of infectious bronchitis virus is very complex. The research and practice of isolation of pathogen, molecular epidemiology, detecting techniques, vaccine and integrated preventing controlling techniques of infectious bronchitis in China is reviewed in this paper. At present, a variety of strains coexist in China, and the dominant epidemic strains are QX genotype. Moreover, the widely used vaccine belongs to Mass serotype such as H120, but 4/91 serotype vaccine and LDT3-A vaccine have also been used gradually. The combination immunization of attenuated live vaccine and inactivated vaccine can effectively control the economic loss of the poultry industry. Keywords: Avian infectious bronchitis, China, Molecular epidemiology, Immune procedure, Tr