范里安中级微观经济学11范里安.ppt

Well-Behaved Technologies x2 x1 yo100 yo50 yo200 higher output B、无差异曲线与等产量曲线的区别： C、其他形状的等产量曲线 K L 固定比例的生产技术 A fixed-proportions production function is of the form E.g.with Fixed-Proportions Technologies x2 x1 min{x1,2x2} = 14 4 8 14 2 4 7 min{x1,2x2} = 8 min{x1,2x2} = 4 x1 = 2x2 其他形状的等到产量曲线（续） K L 完全替代的生产技术 A perfect-substitutes production function is of the form E.g.with Perfect-Substitution Technologies 9 3 18 6 24 8 x1 x2 x1 + 3x2 = 18 x1 + 3x2 = 36 x1 + 3x2 = 48 All are linear and parallel （2） Technical Rate-of-Substitution （2）技术替代率 技术替代率 企业用什么样的比例去用一种投入去替代另一种投入而不改变产出水平？ Technical Rate-of-Substitution x2 x1 yo100 Technical Rate-of-Substitution x2 x1 yo100 Technical Rate-of-Substitution 怎样计算技术替代率？ Technical Rate-of-Substitution 生产函数为： Isoquants with Two Variable Inputs y o 8 y o 4 x1 x2 y o 6 y o 2 Isoquants with Two Variable Inputs Output, y x1 x2 y o 8 y o 4 y o 6 y o 2 Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 x2 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 x2 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 x2 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 x2 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 x2 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 x2 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y Technologies with Multiple Inputs x1 y 例： Cobb-Douglas 生产函数 Cobb-Douglas 生产函数Cobb-Douglas Technologies A Cobb-Douglas production function is of the form E.g.with x2 x1 All isoquants are hyperbolic,asymptoting to, but nevertouching any axis. Cobb-Douglas Technologies x2 x1 All isoquants are hyperbolic,asymptoting to, but nevertouching any axis. Cobb-Douglas Technologies x2 x1 All isoquants are hyperbolic,asymptoting to, but nevertouching any axis. Cobb-Douglas Technologies x2 x1 All is